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| branch = 25px United States Army |serviceyears=1917-1953 |rank=25px General |commands= 25px Fifth U.S. Army 25px 15th Army Group United Nations Command (Korea) |unit= |battles=World War I World War II Korean War |awards= Distinguished Service Cross Army Distinguished Service Medal Navy Distinguished Service Medal |laterwork=The Citadel, President |spouse=Maurine Doran (m. 1924-1966; her death; 2 children) }} Mark Wayne Clark (May 1, 1896 – April 17, 1984) was a senior officer of the United States Army who saw service during World War I and World War II and the Korean War. He was the youngest lieutenant general (three-star general) in the United States Army during World War II. During World War I, he was a company commander in the 11th Infantry Regiment, part of the 5th Division, and served in France where he was seriously wounded by shrapnel. After the war, Clark’s abilities were noticed by future U.S. Army Chief of Staff George C. Marshall. During World War II, he commanded the U.S. Fifth Army, and later the Fifteenth Army Group, in the Italian campaign. He is known for leading the Fifth Army in its capture of Rome in June 1944. Clark has been heavily criticized for ignoring the orders of his superior officer, British General Harold Alexander, and for allowing the German 10th Army to slip away in his drive to take Rome, the capital of Italy but a strategically unimportant city. The German 10th Army then joined with their brother forces at the Trasimene Line. In 1945 Clark became the youngest American to be promoted to general. General Dwight D. Eisenhower, a close friend of Clark, considered him a brilliant staff officer and trainer.〔 Master's thesis abstract〕 Clark was awarded many medals, including the Distinguished Service Cross, the U.S. Army's second highest award. One legacy of the "Clark task force" he headed in 1953-55, which reviewed and made recommendations on all federal intelligence activities, is the coined term ''Intelligence Community''. ==Early life and career== Clark was born in Madison Barracks, Sackets Harbor, New York, but spent much of his youth in Highland Park, Illinois, while his father, a career Infantry officer, was stationed at Fort Sheridan. His mother was the daughter of Romanian Jews but Clark was baptized Episcopalian while a cadet at West Point.〔Atkinson (2002), p.44.〕 Clark gained an early appointment to the military academy at age 17, but lost time from frequent illnesses. Known as "Contraband" by his classmates because of his ability to smuggle sweets into the barracks,〔 Clark graduated from West Point in April 1917, with a class ranking of 110th in a class of 139, and was commissioned a 2nd lieutenant of Infantry. In the rapid expansion of the United States Army during World War I he rose rapidly in rank, promoted to 1st lieutenant on May 15 and captain on August 5, 1917.〔 He served in France in the U.S. 11th Infantry, part of the 5th Infantry Division, and was wounded in action in the Vosges Mountains. As a result of his convalescence, Captain Clark was transferred to the General Staff Headquarters of the First United States Army until the end of hostilities, then served with the Third Army in its occupation duties in Germany. Between the wars, Clark served in a variety of staff and training roles. From 1921 to 1924 he served as an aide in the office of the Assistant Secretary of War. In 1925 he completed the professional officer's course at the Infantry School, then served as a staff officer with the 30th Infantry at The Presidio in San Francisco, California. His next assignment was as a training instructor to the Indiana National Guard,〔 in which he was promoted to major on January 14, 1933, more than 15 years after his promotion to captain. Major Clark served as a deputy commander of the Civilian Conservation Corps district in Omaha, Nebraska, in 1935-36, between tours at the Command and General Staff School in 1935 and the Army War College in 1937. Assigned to Fort Lewis, Washington, Clark was selected to instruct at the Army War College in March 1940, where he received a promotion to lieutenant colonel on July 1. Clark and General Lesley McNair selected the thousands of acres of unused land in Louisiana for military maneuvers at Louisiana Maneuvers. On August 4, 1941, Clark was promoted two grades to brigadier general as the United States Army geared up for entry in World War II, and made Assistant Chief of Staff (G-3) at General Headquarters, United States Army, in Washington, D.C.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mark W. Clark」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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